Ultrasound, also known as sonography, is a safe and non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of the inside of the body. It is one of the most commonly used methods in modern medicine due to its accuracy, affordability, and complete absence of radiation. This makes ultrasound suitable for patients of all ages, including pregnant women, infants, and elderly individuals.

During an ultrasound, a trained technician or radiologist uses a device called a transducer, which sends sound waves into the body. These waves bounce off internal organs and tissues, and the returning echoes form detailed images on a monitor. Because of this real-time imaging, ultrasound is extremely useful for observing movement, blood flow, and organ function.

Ultrasound is widely used in multiple medical fields. In obstetrics, it helps monitor the growth and health of the fetus, determine gestational age, detect abnormalities, and observe fetal heartbeat and movement. In gynecology, ultrasound evaluates the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and reproductive health.

In abdominal scanning, it helps examine the liver, kidneys, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and urinary bladder. It can detect stones, cysts, tumors, infections, and organ enlargement. Cardiac ultrasound (echocardiography) evaluates heart structure and function, helping diagnose heart diseases. Vascular ultrasound examines blood flow in arteries and veins, helping detect blockages, clots, or circulatory issues.

Ultrasound is also used in musculoskeletal imaging to examine muscles, tendons, joints, and ligaments. It is helpful in diagnosing injuries, inflammation, and soft tissue disorders. Additionally, ultrasound guides doctors during various medical procedures such as biopsies, fluid drainage, and injections.